The ability to be both receiver and transmitter is a red herring.. every optical semiconductor can do that. The innovation here is the modulation speed. Higher speeds for your fiber cable.

Thanks for pointing this out. I was confused when I initially read the article.

Only have access to the abstract but it looks like they are basically converting optical diode to a BJT to modulate bias current. (Might be pulling this out of my 6'o'clock positioned chemical vapor deposition chamber though, haha)

The word "diode" is linguistically built on the concept that it's a two-terminal device: "di" means two, "-ode" is the same as in "electrode", "anode", "cathode", ...

A three-terminal device is a triode. However, unlike diode, that term is used exclusively for the vaccuum ones: i.e. arrangements of an anode, cathode and grid. With diodes we have semiconductor diodes as well as vacuum (or thermionic) diodes.

Technically it is a triode but that word would be misleading here since this device is more like a diode with a MOSFET like insulated gate.

That word would be misleading because it has been taken to refer to vacuum tubes.

I would call this a "trioptode". That incorporates the "tri" and "ode", plus a reference to that it is optical: the third terminal modulates light.

I will start refer to them as trioltodes.

I have chosen LET, Light Emitting Triode, in the 2 minutes I have known about this

Can't wait for all the confusion in LET/LED pronunciation.

and an octet of data carried through a gate like this is a... Trilobyte?

And the hollow-state triode is more or less the same thing as JFET, except it needs higher bias voltages.

"Researchers at the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC)'s iGAN Laboratory led by Prof. Haiding Sun and other institutes in China recently developed a new three-terminal diode that can both emit and detect light."

Considering the topic of a new photo-diode, the professor's name is perhaps unfortunate.*

* https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gpP2S6c74Ts

Nominative determinism wins again: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominative_determinism

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36310594#36356444 :

> What is the maximum presumed distance over which photon emissions from blue [sapphire,] LEDs can be entangled? What about with [time-synchronized] applied magnetic fields? Could newer waveguide approaches - for example, dual beams - improve the distance and efficiency of transceivers operating with such a quantum communication channel?

> [...]

>> Physicists at the University of Konstanz have generated one of the shortest signals ever produced by humans: Using paired laser pulses, they succeeded in compressing a series of electron pulses to a numerically analyzed duration of only 0.000000000000000005 seconds [...]

>> For Peter Baum, physics professor and head of the Light and Matter Group at the University of Konstanz, these results are still clearly basic research, but he emphasizes the great potential for future research: "If a material is hit by two of our short pulses at a variable time interval, the first pulse can trigger a change and the second pulse can be used for observation—similar to the flash of a camera"

- "Fiber-optic data transfer speeds hit a rapid 301 Tbps" (2024-03) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39864107

So it's a detector and an LED smashed together instead of combining discrete components into a TXRX module. It sounds more like a triode or transistor variant, but with multiple features.